11— GENERAL practitioner for management of asthma
Management of Asthma
Many people with asthma need to take a combination of medicines. These are used to control symptoms and prevent attacks from happening in the first place.
Your doctor should work with you to make a written plan that includes when to take your medicines and what to do if your symptoms are not controlled. It is important to follow this plan closely so that you do not have to suffer from uncontrolled asthma.
Asthmatics
Asthma is a chronic condition that affects the airways (bronchial tubes) in your lungs. These tubes can swell and narrow, causing coughing, wheezing or shortness of breath.
It’s important to understand the triggers that cause asthma symptoms and how to avoid them. Some triggers are respiratory infections, exercise and cold air.
Others are allergies and irritants, like smoke, perfume or chemicals. Asthma can also be triggered by strong emotions and stress.
The main goal of managing asthma is to control the underlying inflammation that causes your bronchial tubes to swell and narrow. This helps prevent breathing problems and may lessen the need for medicines.
Your doctor will likely take a detailed medical history and perform physical examinations. They’ll also check your breathing and listen to your chest using a stethoscope.
Once diagnosed with asthma, you’ll need to work closely with your doctor or nurse on an Asthma Action Plan. This plan will describe your medicines and how to recognize and treat your asthma symptoms.
You can’t prevent all asthma attacks, but you can help manage yours by taking your medicine as directed and following your plan. This can lead to a better quality of life, including the ability to do the things you enjoy.
Asthma symptoms
Asthma is a chronic lung disease that affects the airways (the tubes that let air in and out of the lungs). This can cause breathing problems, which can range from mild to severe.
People with asthma often have different triggers that can make their symptoms worse. This means that they need to take medication to control their symptoms and avoid their triggers.
Symptoms of asthma vary from person to person, but they include coughing, wheezing (a whistling sound when you breathe out), chest tightness and shortness of breath. They can be mild or severe, and they can happen at any time.
Some people have attacks that are triggered by certain things, such as dust mites or animal dander. Others have episodes of persistent shortness of breath that do not get better with their usual medications.
The lining of your airways swells, clogs and tightens with inflammation, making it harder to breathe. This makes it hard to do your daily activities, which can lead to an asthma attack.
Is asthma treatable
There is no cure for asthma, but treatment can help manage your symptoms. This means taking prescribed medications, developing an asthma action plan with a healthcare provider, and monitoring your triggers to keep the condition under control.
There are two main types of treatment for asthma: quick-relief medications and controller medications. These are delivered using inhalers or tablets.
The first type, called reliever inhalers, treat your asthma when it flares up and can be used as often as necessary. They work quickly, typically within minutes of administration.
A second type of inhaler, known as a preventer inhaler, contains steroid medicine that works daily to reduce the inflammation and sensitivity in your airways. These medicines are also taken as often as prescribed, and are usually brown.
Depending on your symptoms, you may be prescribed a combination of these two medicines. Other therapies, such as breathing exercises, can be recommended as add-on treatments to reduce the severity and frequency of your symptoms.
Many people with asthma go for long periods without any symptoms, interrupted by periodic worsening of their symptoms called asthma attacks. These can vary in strength and length, but are always life-threatening if left untreated.
Asthma with bronchitis
Bronchitis is an infection of the airways, or bronchial tubes, that connect the lungs to the rest of the body. These tubes are sensitive to infections, especially those caused by bacteria.
Inflammation of the bronchial tubes can cause the airways to become narrow, which makes it harder to breathe. This can occur when a person has asthma or other respiratory conditions such as chronic bronchitis (which lasts for more than two years).
However, both asthma and bronchitis can be very serious if they are left untreated. If a person experiences severe symptoms, such as a high fever or coughing up large amounts of phlegm, they should seek medical attention immediately.
Diagnosis of bronchitis and asthma is done using a combination of tests and listening to the lungs with a stethoscope. For a more accurate diagnosis, your doctor may also test your lung function with a spirometer.
There is no one single cause of asthma, but a number of different factors are linked to it. These include allergies, genetics and environmental factors, such as smoking or exposure to toxins.
Asthma treatment
The treatment of asthma is a long-term process that includes control medicines and reliever medications. This helps keep symptoms under control and prevents attacks from occurring.
You and your doctor should work together to put a treatment plan in place that’s specific to you. It should include your triggers and the steps you need to take to avoid them.
Your doctor will give you medicines that help control your symptoms, such as inhalers to use when you have an asthma attack. These medicines can include quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators), which work quickly to open your lungs, and long-term control medicines that reduce inflammation and airway narrowing.
In some cases, allergy medication may also be needed to reduce your immune response to allergens that cause your asthma symptoms. Allergy shots (immunotherapy) can also help, as they reduce your body’s sensitivity to specific allergens.
The management of your asthma should be flexible and based on changes in your symptoms. It should also include regular appointments to see your doctor and review your asthma action plan.
Your doctor can tell you if you have asthma by taking breathing tests and reviewing your symptoms. These tests include spirometry, peak flow and a fractional exhaled nitric oxide test. If any of these tests shows that you have asthma, your doctor will prescribe a bronchodilator to treat your asthma.
Asthma inhaler
An asthma inhaler (or MDI) is a device that pushes out a pre-measured spray of medicine when you press the button. It is a very important part of managing your asthma because it helps keep symptoms under control.
An inhaler is available for a variety of different types of asthma. There are dry powder inhalers, metered dose inhalers and nebulizers.
Metered-dose inhalers (or MDIs) push out a pre-measured spray of medication, and are the most common form of asthma inhaler. They look like mini aerosol cans.
Many people with asthma use an MDI daily to help control their symptoms. They may also need a quick-relief inhaler or rescue (reliever) inhaler to relieve sudden symptoms.
When you use your inhaler, it is important to follow the instructions. This includes using the spacer correctly and making sure the inhaler is clean.
A spacer is a mouthpiece that connects to your inhaler and helps the medicine reach your lungs. It makes your MDI much easier to use and works with most inhalers.
It is also important to keep track of how many puffs you have used each time. Some newer MDIs have built-in counting devices. You can find these at your local pharmacy.
Asthma causes
Normal breathing occurs through the nose and mouth, then air goes through the trachea (windpipe) before going into your bronchi (large airways). These airways carry oxygen from the air to your bloodstream and carbon dioxide out of your lungs.
If you have asthma, these airways can become inflamed and narrow. This causes problems with breathing.
These inflamed, swollen and narrowed airways can be triggered by allergens, irritants and other triggers that cause asthma symptoms. These include pollen, animal dander, dust mites, mold and some medicines.
Symptoms can include wheezing and coughing. They can also be tightness in your chest, shortness of breath and nighttime or early morning coughing.
The lining of the airways gets swollen or inflamed, and cells produce more and thicker mucus. This is called bronchospasm.
The symptoms of asthma can get worse quickly, so it’s important to take care of them right away. If they are severe, you may need to use a quick-relief medicine like an inhaler. If they are mild, your doctor can recommend other medicines to manage your symptoms. Your doctor will work with you to develop an asthma action plan to help you control your asthma.
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Dr Mehta
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Dr Romil Mehta General Practitioner 